Friday, September 18, 2026

FRIDAY NOTES (18/09/26) FROM THE QURAN: DO NOT INSULT OTHER PEOPLE'S GODS.

 

Surah 6:108     وَلَا تَسُبُّوا الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ فَيَسُبُّوا اللَّهَ عَدْوًا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ ۗ كَذَٰلِكَ زَيَّنَّا لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ عَمَلَهُمْ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِم مَّرْجِعُهُمْ فَيُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ

English translation — Sahih International: 

And do not insult those they invoke besides Allah lest they insult Allah in enmity without knowledge. Thus We have made pleasing to every community their deeds. Then to their Lord is their return, and He will inform them about what they used to do.”

ANOTHER FRIDAY TURKEY SHOOT IN PAKISTAN - ONLY 16 KILLED

 




  • 16 people, including 5 police killed after car bombing in mosque 
  • near police HQ in Kohat district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
  • gun battle ongoing between attackers and security forces at mosque
  • One assailant been killed
  • Militancy has risen sharply in recent months 

My Comments:  Its just another Tuesday in Pakistan. Relax.

KENCING

 





Thursday, September 17, 2026

TUAN-TUAN ORANG MELAYU BACA BAIK-BAIK. BERBILION DUIT KITA (DANA AWAM) BERISIKO SEKALI LAGI.

 

Mula sekali yang berikut ini adalah cerita yang diringkaskan:

  • sounds out .. ..taking over  carrier's air routes
  • contingency planning involving gomen and Airports 
  • P'JAYA asked M---a Air and B---k Air if could absorb domestic market share 
  • gomen monitors carrier’s financial position
  • two airlines indicated willing to take routes and passengers 
  • (BUT NOT) acquiring the carrier outright

  • any large-scale move depend on carrier's aircraft leases
  • Taking over routes, passengers without aircraft more difficult
  • carrier facing mounting pressure from higher fuel costs
  • posted net loss of RM831m for three months ended June 30
  • including RM331m foreign-exchange losses
  • current liabilities stood at RM18.4b at end quarter
  • also owes M__B at least RM500 million for landing and parking fees
  • M__B already granted extensions to repay some of its outstandings
  • carrier has been working to raise fresh funds.
  • to raise up to US$1b (RM4.1 bilion) from international debt markets 
  • RM700 million through local credit facilities
  • mainly to restructure its debt
  • estimates say carrier needed at least US$3 billion (RM12 bilion) in fresh capital.
OSTB: Tuan-Tuan dengar baik-baik. 
Mereka perlu meminjam RM4.8 BILLION. 
Analyst pula rasa mereka perlu modal baru (fresh capital) RM12b. 
Jadi RM4.8b + RM12b = kurang lebih RM16.8 Bilion !! 
Inilah sekitar jumlah duit yang diperlukan jika bailout berlaku.  
Kalaulah DANA AWAM terlibat - duit kita lah - maka lagi banyak bilion lah kita terpaksa tanggung.

Another option being discussed is some form of government endorsement for efforts to raise fresh capital from external investors, although the nature of any possible support remains unclear.

  • (OSTB: Tuan-Tuan dengar baik-baik. 
  • Maksudnya gomen guarantee lah - secara direct atau indirect. 
  • Implikasinya gomen akan menjadi penjamin. 
  • Contohnya pada zaman MAS dulu gomen selalu pegang Golden Share atau satu saham emas dalam syarikat MAS. 
  • Tetapi Golden Share itu tidak boleh dijual oleh gomen tanpa persetujuan bank-bank yang meminjam duit kepada MAS pada waktu itu. 
  • Bank-bank pada masa itu termasuk bank tempatan (yang saya pun terlibat).
  • Implikasinya adalah bahawa gomen akan sedia bertanggung jawab atas segala operasi dan hutang MAS. 
  • Tanpa Golden Share yang dipegang oleh gomen, kami bankers tidak berani pinjam duit kepada MAS pada waktu itu. 
  • Saya rasa ini mungkin satu lagi option untuk bailout  syarikat  ini pula.

has been cutting costs, dropping underperforming routes, returning older aircraft to lessors and renegotiating vendor contracts

Earlier this month, Finance Ministry hired Consultants to assess funding needs as gomen weighs whether to provide support.

(OSTB:  gomen weighs whether to provide support ??  Maksudnya nak bailout atau tak mahu bailout?  Ramai orang tidak akan setuju gomen bailout dengan mengguna DANA AWAM atau duit kita. Duit Rakyat.  Terkini bil letrik naik macam babi gila. Kita kena bayar.  Tapi bila orang lain rugi besar, depa guna duit kita pula untuk bailout.

  • OK Tuan-Tuan BUKAN SAYA TIDAK SETUJU BAILOUT.  
  • Saya boleh setuju bailout dengan mengguna DANA AWAM. DUIT KITA. 
  • Tapi kita mesti ikut procedure yang jujur dan ikhlas. 
  • Kita mesti ikut procedure yang transparent dan betul. 
  • Tak boleh berahsia-rahsia. 
  • Tak boleh cakap berbisik-bisik dalam lorong gelap. 
  • Ini bukan tawar-menawar di Concubine Lane di Ipoh atau Lorong Jawa di Melaka. 

Tuan-Tuan orang Melayu sila dengar baik-baik ok. Yang kita semua sudah fed up dan kita takut adalah kalau duit kita kena SAKAU sekali lagi.  Tak cukup ke kita sudah rugi mungkin ratus billion Ringgit  sewaktu 1MDB, TH, FELDA, SRC, KWAP. 

Dulu kita sudah bailout syarikat penerbangan kita - beberapa kali.  2001 — RM1.8 billion; 2001–2002 — RM6.1 billion; 2001–2014 — RM17.4 billion; 2014–2015 — RM6 billion. Jumlah = RM23.4 BILLION.

But its ok. 
Kalau di buat cara betul, peluang untuk SAKAU duit kita akan kurang. 
Komisyen tak boleh jadi lah.  
Tapi bahaya besar ialah kalau PUAK2 SAKAU masuk campur 
Mereka boleh SAKAU DUIT besar. 
This we have to be careful. 

  • Contohnya harga saham syarikat itu pada hari ini adalah sekitar 65 sen sahaja. 
  • Masa zaman gilang gemilang dulu, harga saham dia naik sampai lebih RM4.00 sesaham. 
  • So kalau tanya saya (sebagai ex-banker) saya sanggup beli saham syarikat ini dengan harga yang jauh lebih murah daripada 65 sen setiap saham. 
Soalannya - jauh lebih murah ke tahap apa? 
Lima sen sesaham? 20 sen sesaham? 
How much?  

Di Wall Street di New York bila berlaku bailout serupa ini investment banker mereka (tukang bailout-lah) akan membuat tawaran seperti 'I will give you 10 cents on the dollar'. 

Maksudnya kalau harga saham syarikat itu adalah RM1.00 (di Bursa Saham) orang yang setuju bailout itu akan sanggup bayar 10% sahaja atau 10 sen sahaja. 

  • Kenapa begitu? Kenapa murah sangat?  
  • Sebab bukan saja dia akan ambil alih saham syarikat tetapi dia juga akan ambil alih pengurusan syarikat yang sudah gagal. 
  • Perlu cari CEO baru, Board of Directors baru, General Manager baru dan ramai lagi muka baru. It costs big money.
  • Dia juga akan ambil alih hutang syarikat yang berbelas billion Ringgit tadi. 
  • Tukang bailout itu juga terpaksa tanggung beban bisness yang sudah gagal.  
  • Terpaksa tanggung beban machinery, equipment dan technology yang mungkin ketinggalan zaman atau lapuk.
  • Tukang bailout terpaksa tanggung beban imej syarikat yang sudah rosak.
  • Dia kena tanggung risiko customer yang sudah hilang atau lari.
  • Beban advertising campaign yang tidak berkesan. All this will cost money. 
  • Dan pelbagai banyak lagi masalah.  Semuanya will cost money.
  • Tapi this is not the only solution ok untuk calculate kos bailout. 
  • Ada juga tukang bailout lain boleh gunakan cara 'valuation besi buruk'. 
  • Maksudnya bisnes itu sudah begitu teruk dan tidak boleh di pulihkan keadaannya (no turnaround in sight). 
  • Jadi tak guna pun bayar upah tinggi consultant dan akauntan untuk buat calculation nilai saham syarikat padahal bisnes dia hanya layak dijual dengan harga besi buruk.   
  • Timbang berat saja. 
  • Contohnya 'Tiap satu tan saya bayar RM5,000. Lori tiga tan saya bayar RM15,000. Take it or leave it'  
Kurang lebih macam itulah. 
  • Sebab syarikat itu tak ada choice. 
  • Anggaran saya  syarikat itu perlukan kurang lebih RM16.8 Bilion !!  
  • Di mana dia nak pi cari RM16.8 Bilion?  
  • Siapa yang berani nak bagi depa RM1.0 bilion pun? 

Houthi dah tembak kapal Arab Saudi di Bab el Mandeb. Harga minyak WTI sudah naik US$104 satu tong. Saya pun tak sangka harga minyak akan melepasi US$100 satu tong tapi itulah yang telah terjadi sekarang.

Keadaan dunia tidak menentu. 
So where are they going to find RM16.8 Billion? 
Jawapannya: Duit Bapak Kita lah. 

Jadi Tuan-Tuan orang Melayu sila ambil perhatian. 

Jangan pula sesiapa si-dunggu buat tawaran bodoh untuk beli saham syarikat pada harga penuh (harga semasa di Bursa Saham) atau kalau lagi bodoh dia sanggup bayar premium lagi - maksudnya harga yang lebih mahal daripada harga semasa di Bursa Saham.  Especially bila DANA AWAM yang terlibat. Duit bapak kita. Bukan duit bapak dia. So be careful.

  • Ten cents on the dollar cukup
  • Ataupun ikut cara timbang besi buruk. 
  • Setiap satu tan saya bayar RM5,000. Thats it. 

  • Untuk settle hutang bank pula suruh pihak bank take a haircut
  • Kalau bank dah bagi pinjam RM1 bilion, takkan saya pula (tukang bailout) tanggung settle kesemua RM1.0 bilion itu. Banyak cantik.  
  • Saya akan bayar 50% saja. 
  • Baki 50% bank mesti tanggung. Burn. 
  • Takkan bank buat kerja bodoh bagi pinjam berbillion Ringgit lepas itu tukang bailout pula kena tanggung 100% kos kebodohan awak?

  • Dan bila syarikat sudah rugi berbilion Ringgit jangan pula shareholder kaya raya masih boleh kaya duit berbilion Ringgit. 
  • How can that be possible? 
  • Orang yang mula sekali perlu tanggung kerugian adalah shareholder. 
  • You screw up you suffer the loss lah.
  • Jangan pula you screw up the business tapi awak masih boleh buat duit bilion Ringgit.  

Wa akhirul kalam, Tuan-Tuan orang Melayu sila pastikan tidak berlaku gejala  "Privatise profits and socialise the losses''

Maksudnya bila untung depa hidup seronok, buat parti,  buat rumah atas gunung, buat rumah atas awan, dsbnya. Untung dia enjoy. Privatise the profits. 

Tapi bila rugi, dia datang cari DUIT KITA. DANA AWAM untuk selamatkan tengkok depa. Rakyat tanggung. Itulah maksudnya 'Socialise the losses'. 

Ten cents on the Dollar - AFTER netting off everything.

Sunday, July 12, 2026

JOHOR POLLS WIPEOUT (DWI BAHASA, ENGLISH AND MALAY)


Mula sekali terima kasih dan tahniah kepada pengundi Johor yang telah tendang keluar penipu dan otak lembu Pakatan Harapan. 


Lets analyse the results. Lets do the easy ones first. In 2022 the PH won only 11 seats in Johor. DAP won 10 and PKR won 1 seat. Yesterday the PH was wiped out - the DAP won only 6 seats and PKR kept its single seat. (Did Amanah win 1 seat?).




I see a split in the vote. UMNO won big - they won 36 out of the 37 State seats they contested or 97% because of local Johor sentiment.  I dont think UMNO can repeat this outside Johor.  Lets see what happens in Negeri Sembilan. 

The PH on the other hand got wiped out because of national sentiment.  People do not like them for all their rubbish and bullshit in Putrajaya. The same sentiment that got them kicked out in Sabah.

PKR - PKR contested 20 seats but only won 1 seat. Or 5% of the grade. Total failure. This party is now officially dead. All the good people including Wan Azizah Wan Ismail have left the scene. Only the idiots remain.

DAP - DAP got kicked out 8-0 in Sabah. Complete shutout. Before that the PH got their asses kicked in the SIX state elections. Now they got kicked out again in Johor. They contested 16 seats and won only 6 seats or 35% of the marks. That is a FAIL grade - below 50%. This is the THIRD TIME they got kicked out. Believe me the PH are going to get kicked out in the General Elections. 

This is the SECOND TIME the DAP has screwed up. They made it into the Federal gomen in 2018. But they screwed up big time. Then they got their second chance in 2022. Tell me, how many political parties get a second chance in under FOUR years to form the Federal gomen? But they have screwed up again. I must say the Chinese politicians and their supporters are only good at talking big. And of course helping the property developers. Developers Action Party or DAP. As a political movement to move an entire society forward they fail. To put it mildly these folks are quite stupid.  There is no need to say much else about this bunch of idiots. 


PARTY              WON VS CONTESTED             %


UMNO                       36 of 37                            97%

MCA                            8 of 15                            53%

MIC                              4 of 4                             100%

PKR                             1 of 20                            5%

DAP                             6 of 17                            35%

PAS                              0 of 11

BERSATU                    0 of 16

BERSAMA                   0 of 15

MUDA                          0 of 4


Notes:   BN fielded 37 UMNO, 15 MCA and 4 MIC candidates, covering all 56 seats.
PH allocated its seats as 20 PKR, 19 Amanah and 17 DAP.
PN's allocation was 22 Bersatu and 12 PAS.
PAS, Bersatu and Bersama failed to win any seats.

Bersatu got totally wiped out. They contested 16 seats and lost all. This is the result of Bersatu splitting and throwing out Hamzah Zainuddin from the party. Hamzah has substantial support and ability. It was a mistake for Bersatu to have thrown him out. Tan Sri Muhyiddin should just quit from leading the party but its too late now. There is no one capable to take over the party. Plus in Malaysia party leaders simply do not quit their party posts even when they get kicked out by the voters. (Except for Najib in 2018).

Bersama - Rafizi Ramli's first outing in Johor was a disaster. They contested 15 seats and won 0. Rafizi does not fully understand the right 'formuler'.  Rafizi's economic ideas (that nasi lemak machine, his retail business program) are nightmares. The guy does not quite understand business or economics. In Johor they fielded candidates who 'applied for the job'  online. This was a first - and disastrous. 

Here is the formuler : the party must develop a solid national agenda. That shall be its national identity. All Malaysians should be made aware of the party's national agenda. Even in State elections. But down at the State level, you always pick candidates from the State level. They must know the local terrain and the local people must know them. You cannot pick candidates from Online applications. 

But what is Bersama's national agenda? Well even if they have one - they got kicked out 15 - 0. And please stop talking big. Tak ada apa pun cakap besar pasal apa? Friday podcasts for three hours?? Even the unemployed jobless guys do not have three hours to listen to you lah. Formuler tak betul. Where is your agenda for the people?  Abolish the tolls, abolish the Sedition Act, abolish the APs, get rid of the gila babi import duties and taxes on motor vehicles. Liberalise the banking industry fully. 100%. Abolish that rice import monopoly. Abolish all monopolies and oligopolies. Can or cannot? Please answer yes or no.

Muda - They won one seat. Youth does not sell well. In the United States of America the most liberal and perhaps most egalitarian society in the world it is rare for youth to get elected. Even in super liberal California, even the youngest voters respect experience, achievement and solid platforms. This means older candidates. Generally a 50 or even 60 year old with a good track record, experience and knowledge stands a better chance than a novice 25 year old. There are exceptions but maturity and experience are extremely important. In Malaysia the age factor in candidates is even more important. The voters want to see experienced and generally older candidates. If they are well educated all the better. It is difficult to go against this trend.




PAS : PAS bertanding 11 kerusi dan kalah semua. Kepada sahabat di PAS,  sila ambil maklum. Semua orang sudah tahu cara nak sembahyang lima waktu, cara nak ambil air sembahyang, cara naik haji. Pada zaman sekarang anak-anak kita berumur 17 tahun boleh tahu hukum-hakam naik haji secara detail. Ramai pula pernah berkursus mengurus jenazah sekali. 

PAS mula ditubuhkan pada 1951 dulu (apabila keluar dari UMNO). 
23 August 1951 – Persatuan Ulama Se-Malaya 
24 November 1951 – Persatuan Islam Se-Malaya (PAS). 
1972 - Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (PAS).

Zaman itu masjid sikit saja, sekolah agama, kolej dan universiti Islam tak ada atau paling sikit. TV Hijrah tak ada. Di sekolah kebangsaan pun tak ada kelas agama. Jadi bila PAS mula perjuangkan agama pada tahun 1950an maka ada juga orang kampong tertarik. PAS jadi parti orang kampong. Ini bukan sindiran tapi realiti yang mempunyai kesan yang sangat besar yang PAS harus faham.  

Sekarang keadaan sudah berubah. Hari ini pula setiap anak Melayu pelajari pendidikan agama mula dari tadika sampai ke universiti. Pengajian agama di peringkat sekolah menengah saja (SPM) sudah hampiri diploma di negara lain.  Sekarang agama sudah menjadi industri skala besar. Agama sudah jadi bisnes.  Artis jual agama (lagu dan musik). Perbankan Islam jual agama. Sijil halal, makanan halal semua adalah bisnes yang lumayan. Ustaz glamour kaya melalui podcast, YouTube, ceramah agama dsbnya. Ustaz kepala umrah, rombongan haji semuanya kaya. Lepas tu gerombolan Salafi (dulu Wahabi) bertembung dengan golongan Asam Jawa. Hari-hari makin gaduh.  

Maksudnya agama sudah tidak lagi exclusive kepada perjuangan PAS. Dari stesen bas sampai ke stesen angkasa lepas (angkasawan Malaysia) orang Melayu boleh jumpa agama.  And then kampong pula makin kurang penghuninya.  Ramai generasi muda sudah berhijrah ke kawasan bandar.  Lebih 70% penduduk negara kita sekarang dianggap urban population. Orang bandar. Orang bandar menghadapi masalah yang berbeza daripada orang kampong. Peluang pekerjaan, sekolah yang elok, perumahan yang mampu dibeli atau di sewa, kos sara hidup yang tinggi, harga minyak, kualiti hospital (dibiayai dengan dana awam), sistem pengangkutan, harga kereta mahal, bayaran tol dan pelbagai lagi cabaran hidup di bandar. 

Jadi dalam realiti seperti ini di mana pula peranan PAS untuk membantu masyarakat kita? Hudud dah tak ada dah. Itu bagus. RUU355 pun entah ke mana. Bagus juga.  Lepas itu pengundi Islam di seluruh negara kurang daripada 60%. Baki penduduk negara adalah bukan Islam. Cina, India, Dayak, Dusun itu berbelas juta orang. Takkan PAS tidak mahu berurusan dengan bukan Islam? Atau tidak tahu? Ahli Parlimen itu wakil rakyat. Bukan wakil agama. 

Jadi apa pula perjuangan PAS pada abad ke 21 ini? Ini adalah tahun 2026. Bukan 1951. Semua orang sudah tahu sembahyang. Bebudak umur 17 tahun pun boleh belajar urus jenazah. Orang Melayu dah tak heran dengan perjuangan PAS. PAS perlu overhaul dengan serius.

Saturday, July 11, 2026

MUST READ. ORANG MELAYU MESTI BACA. OIL INDUSTRY WILL CRASH PERMANENTLY IN 10 YEARS MAX. HERE IS WHY.

 

Here is the oil price chart (West Texas) for the past 30 days.




Despite all the ongoing Hormuz bullshit, in the past 30 days West Texas crude has gone from US$90 per barrel down to US$68 per barrel to yesterday's US$71 per barrel. These prices are relatively low.  Oil is not likely to hit US$100 - maybe never.

In 2024 Saudi Arabia cancelled capacity expansion to 13 million barrels per day.
1 million bpd of future capacity was cancelled.   
Saudi's present capacity ≈ 12 million bpd.  But actual production ≈ 9 million bpd.  Shortfall ≈ 3 million bpd

  • World oil supply is now about 105 million bpd. 
  • World oil demand is just below 104 million bpd.  
  • Despite the ayatollah monkeys, world oil supply exceeds demand. 
  • China consumes 16 million bpd of oil (about 15%). This is disappearing.
  • Please take note.

But here is the real threat on the horizon. It is called Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR) and it is Made in China.  It does not need cooling water, no danger of Fukushima or Chernobyl accidents, it can be built small and modular (possibly in 12-18 months by the Chinese)  and it runs on super abundant thorium - which is a waste product from many mining operations. China has enough Thorium to last them 20,000 years or more.

Here are two videos you must watch. Maximum 15 minutes. You can double the speed on YouTube.




The Chinese are planning to build ultra large container ships powered by thorium molten salt reactors.

  • Thorium molten salt reactor (TMSR) powered container ships
  • Producing roughly 50 MW electrical power
  • Extraordinary endurance - decades without conventional refuelling
  • Ship size:   about 230,000–250,000 tonnes carrying 24,000 containers  

It will be the end of bunker fuel for Chinese container ships. And 250,000 tonne giants will lower transport costs from the Port of Shanghai to Los Angeles. Pinduoduo will give 50% discounts.

The Chinese already have a prototype TMSR up and running since 2023. It is rated at 2MW thermal and is located in Gansu in the Gobi Desert. See picture.


 No ventilation chimneys, no cooling towers, no cooling ponds. No need for water.

They are already planning a 10 MW or larger TMSR plant by 2030 - only FOUR years away.  I estimate that in another six years after that (2036) the Chinese will have these TMSR plants popping up all over China.  

Now here comes the scary part.  Below here is the projection for Chinese consumption of fossil fuels over the next FIVE years. I have shown this chart not too long ago. Even without TMSR reactors, Chinese oil consumption is already slowing down. The chart shows that from 2027 - 28 onwards Chinese consumption of fossil fuels will start decreasing. China has invested heavily in solar energy, wind energy, hydro and other renewables. Plus their entire motor vehicle industry is switching to EV - which is more energy efficient.


So guess what is going to happen when the Chinese begin building TMSR reactors on a larger scale throughout China - after 2030.

This picture should give you an idea.




Friday, June 12, 2026

FRIDAY NOTES (12/06/26) FROM THE QURAN - SURAH YASIN


Non Muslims can read this. Some general knowledge. Out of the 114 surahs or chapters in the Quran, chapter 36 is called Surah Yasin. This chapter has much significance because it is often recited during special occasions especially at funerals and when people visit the graves of their dearly departed. It is often recited as a prayer at the graves of the dead people.

However with the appearance of Salafism there is debate because the Salafis do not practise the reciting of the Surah Yasin at funerals or at the graves of dead people.

Of course the vast majority of non-Arab Muslims do not understand Arabic and so they do not understand what they are reciting in Arabic.

Here are a few verses from Surah Yasin (36:60-64) with English translation.

Surah Yasin (36:60-64) 

60  وَأَلَمْ أَعْهَدْ إِلَيْكُمْ يَٰبَنِيٓ ءَادَمَ أَن لَّا تَعْبُدُوا۟ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنَ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِينٌ  

61 وَأَنِ ٱعْبُدُونِى ۚ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ  

62 وَلَقَدْ أَضَلَّ مِنكُمْ جِبِلًّۭا كَثِيرًا ۖ أَفَلَمْ تَكُونُوا۟ تَعْقِلُونَ 

63  هَٰذِهِۦ جَهَنَّمُ ٱلَّتِى كُنتُمْ تُوعَدُونَ  

64 ٱصْلَوْهَا ٱلْيَوْمَ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ 

Here is the English translation (36:60-64)

60 Did I not enjoin upon you, O children of Adam, that you not worship Satan—indeed, he is to you a clear enemy?

61 And that you worship only Me? This is a straight path.

52 And he had already led astray from among you much of creation, so did you not use reason?

63 This is the Hellfire which you were promised.

64  Enter it today because you disbelieved.


This is part of the recitation at funerals and at the graves of the dearly departed.